The Facts
Exodus 16-40 -
ESV -
KJV -
NIV
Leviticus -
ESV -
KJV -
NIV
Important People
God, Moses, Aaron, Hebrew people
Major Events/Accounts
Receiving the 10 Commandments & the Law on Mt. Sinai, receiving the instructions for the Tabernacle,
the golden calf incident, and building the Tabernacle
Key Words/Repeated Phrases
The LORD spoke to Moses
Moses did as the LORD commanded him,
Feasts
Firstfruits/Reishit:
God told the Israelites to offer the first ripe sheaf of the barley harvest as an offering to Him.
Scripture: Leviticus 23:9-14
Date Observed: 16 Nisan - first month of Jewish calendar (March/April)
Purpose: The people offered the firstruits of the harvest to show their appreciate for God's provision for
for another crop fully ripe and ready for harvest.
Fulfillment: Jesus rose on third day, the day of Firstfruits! He is the "firstfruit" of those resurrected for eternity
- those who will never die again.
Feast of Weeks or Pentecost/Shavuot:
Feast celebrated 50 days after Passover - seven weeks and one day hence the name "Weeks" and Pentecost for the Greek word for 50.
Scripture: Leviticus 23:15-22
Date Observed: 6 Sivan - first month of Jewish calendar (May/June)
Purpose: Celebrates the completion of the grain harvest - barley and wheat - for another year.
Prophesy:
Tradition: Jewish tradition says Moses received the Law during the Feast of Weeks and
King David was born and died on this day.
Fulfillment: God sent the Holy Spirit, promised by Jesus, on Penetcost. The Holy Spirit appeared
in the house where the believers were waiting in Jerusalem after Jesus ascended with the sound of a "mighty wind" and "tongues of fire" -
just like God appeared at Mt. Sinai when He set His people apart and made "arrangements" to dwell with them.
Feast of Trumpets/Rosh HaShanah:
Celebrated with a blast of trumpets.
Scripture: Leviticus 23:23-25
Date Observed: 1 Tishri - (Sept/Oct)
Purpose: A "memorial proclamation" and calls the people to preparation for the Day of Atonement in 10 days.
Prophesy: The Bible says God's Kingdom will come with the sound of a trumpet - the 7th trumpet
mentioned in 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17 and Revelation 11:15-19.
Fulfillment: Not yet fulfilled.
Day of Atonement/Yom Kippur:
Holiest day of the year for Isreal when the High Priest entered the Holy of Holies. Israel made atonement for their sins on this day
and released a scapegoat into the desert.
Scripture: Leviticus 16 and 23:26-32
Date Observed: 10 Tihsri (Sept/Oct)
Purpose: The high priest made sacrifices for himself and the people, went into the Holy of Holies,
then came out and placed his hands on the head of a live goat and sent it off into the desert to symbolize the removal of Israel's sins.
Prophesy: Zech 12:10, Isaiah 66:7-14
Today: Israel completely shuts down on this day - no work, TV broadcast, no driving, etc .
Fulfillment: Not yet fulfilled although Jesus was sent outside the city to die like the scapegoat
and the veil before the Holy of Holies was torn after His death symbolizing access to God's presence.
Feast of Booths or Tabernacles/Sukkot:
Celebrates the fall harvest of fruit - the final harvest of the year.
Scripture: Leviticus 23:33-43
Date Observed: 15-22 Tishri - (Sept/Oct)
Purpose: Celebrates the fall harvest and reminds Israel of their time in the desert.
Israel celebrated by carrying torches around the temple and bringing water from the pool of Siloam, a source of living (moving -
not collected rain water) water to the temple to symbolize all people
will eventually know God "as the waters cover the sea" - Isaiah 11:9)
Prophesy: Celebrates the final "harvest".
Fulfillment: Not yet fulfilled although Jesus said all could come to Him for living water (John 7:37-39) and
referred to Himself as the "light of the world" (John 8:12) DURING the Feast of Booths when the Jews were carrying lit torches around the temple
and had just spent a week bringing water from the Pool of Siloam, fed with living (moving) water, to the Temple each day.
(He told the people they could come to him on the 8th day of the feast when the priest did not bring water from the pool. In other words,
the people can come to Him instead.)
Names of God
Jehovah-nissi: The LORD is my Banner
Used after the battle with the Amalekites after crossing the Red Sea. Israelites kept winning the battle as long as Moses' arms were raised
up with his staff (representing God's power and presence) like the banner an army carried before them into battle as he stood atop a hill with Aaron and Her helping hold his arms up.
Exodus 17:15 -
And Moses built an altar and called the name of it, The Lord Is My Banner, (ESV)
Jehovah-mekiddidhkem - the LORD sanctifies you
Exodus 31:13
God referred to Himself with this name when He told Moses to tell the Israelites to keep the Sabbath day holy.
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